Growing up in the colonial education system, many colonized children enter a condition of hybridity, in which their identities are created out of multiple cultural forms, practices, beliefs and power dynamics. For example, young Muslims in Indonesia are followers of Islam but have "synthesized" trends from global culture in ways that respect religious tradition. 2. Hybridity in Cultural Globalization Abstract Hybridity has become a master trope across many spheres of cultural research, theory, and criticism, and one of the most widely used and criticized concepts in postcolonial theory. [15] He argues that globalization as hybridization opposes views which see the process as homogenizing, modernizing, and westernizing, and that it broadens the empirical history of the concept. The new theory of hybridity that Acheraiou develops in this book departs from the strictly "cultural and spatial paradigm" of postcolonial theory, or what he calls "angelic hybridism. The hybrid retains the actual semblance of the authoritative symbol but reforms its presence by denying it as the signifier of disfigurement—after the intervention of difference. 0000024529 00000 n 143 0 obj They did so for commercial, aesthetic, ideological and technological reasons (to facilitate trade transactions, express philosophical or scientific ideas unavailable in their original idioms, enrich and adapt their languages to new realities, subvert a dominant colonial literary canon by deliberately introducing words from the colonized peoples' idiom). [27] He adds: "the novelistic hybrid is an artistically organized system for bringing different languages in contact with one another, a system having as its goal the illumination of one language by another, the carving-out of a living image of another language". In the theoretic development of hybridity, the key text is The Location of Culture (1994), by Homi Bhabha, wherein the liminality of hybridity is presented as a paradigm of colonial anxiety. [13] The principal proposition is the hybridity of colonial identity, which, as a cultural form, made the colonial masters ambivalent, and, as such, altered the authority of power; as such, Bhabha's arguments are important to the conceptual discussion of hybridity. Leading theorists include Edward Said and Homi Bhabha, with Said focusing on stereotypes and Bhabha focusing on cultural hybridity. The principal theorists of hybridity are Homi Bhabha, Néstor García Canclini, Stuart Hall, Gayatri Spivak, and Paul Gilroy, whose works respond to the multi-cultural awareness that emerged in the early 1990s.[12]. These include drinking non-alcoholic beer, using Koranic apps on their iPhones, and buying halal cosmetics. hybridity: new transcultural forms that arise from cross-cultural exchange. In Taktika, Arrian (92–175 AD), a Greek historian and philosopher of the Roman period, drew attention to the Romans' indebtedness to their colonial subjects, arguing that "the Romans have many foreign (Iberian, Celtic) terms for formations, for they used Celtic cavalry". Postmodernism is a word used to describe a range of areas in society. 0000001581 00000 n One of the most widely employed and most disputed terms in postcolonial theory, hybridity commonly refers to the creation of new transcultural forms within the contact zone produced by colonization.As used in horticulture, the term refers to the cross-breeding of two species by … According to The Oxford English Dictionary, 900 English words are of Indian origin. A number of arguments have followed in which promoters and detractors argue the uses of hybridity theory. 0000002128 00000 n However neither of these scholars have reinvigorated the hybridity theory debate in terms of solving its inherent problematics. As Jeremy Waldron argues, “We live in a world formed by technology and trade; by economic, religious, and political imperialism and their offspring; by mass migration and the dispersion of cultural influences. 0000003404 00000 n This is manifest in the Codex Theodosianus (AD365) which prohibited marriages between Christians and non-Christians, the Jews in particular, and inflicted death penalty on those who did not obey this law. Moreover, polyphony is another important element of hybridity theory, by Mikhail Bakhtin, which is applied to hybrid discourses presented in folklore and anthropology. Hutnyk, John. The social transformations that followed the ending of colonial mandates, rising immigration, and economic liberalization profoundly altered the use and understanding of the term hybridity. 0000032963 00000 n In the German city of Hanover, Berlin-based design firm Vaust Studio has designed a pared-back interior for the first concept store of the technology startup Realtale Group.‘Georgstrasse 14’, also titled VAUND store, exists as a minimal showroom and salesroom to display the innovative products as if they were sculptures in a gallery. Sociologist Jan Nederveen Pieterse highlights these core arguments in a debate that promotes hybridity. [14], The development of hybridity theory as a discourse of anti-essentialism marked the height of the popularity of academic "hybridity talk". Hybridity is not a new cultural or historical phenomenon. Broadly speaking, cultural studies is not one arm of the humanities so much as an attempt to use all of those arms at once. 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