a. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. a. b. Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates: c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers. a. b) the X chromosome. nature or nurture. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (2003) related women's higher risk of depression to what she described as their tendency to overthink and compulsively fret over problems and the causes of these problems. d.)passionate love. a. a. c.)hallucinations. a. )poverty, unemployment, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. Males in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women who are several years older rather than several years younger than themselves. But most days, he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. a. d.)conditioning. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In a disorder called _____, the person suffers from repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors that the individual feels driven to perform. )representing the consensus of a wide range of mental health professionals from many different organizations and perspectives. )the mere exposure effect. b. b. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: The early school of psychology known as functionalism was developed by: William James Which psychologist was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology after Harvard University declined to give Mary Calkins the Ph.D.? )positive symptoms. )frontal lobes c.)physical exercise. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. d.)genital, d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. d.)striving for superiority. a. Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: a. d.)validity; standardization. a. Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of, Molecular geneticists would be most interested in studying. )do not increase; do not increase a. chromosomes. c. b. )attitude b. )stimulus generalization. Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human reproductive success. d. AmericanInstrumentsbondsM&DCorporationbonds(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued.)$850,000$1,460,000. )systematic desensitization b) molecular geneticist. c.)puberty. a. b. a. 1. d.)during adolescence or early adulthood. )external attributions for failure. )a dissociation. B) sexual anatomy. c.)Psychotherapy )maladaptive disorder This ____________ will likely influence Cynthia to act negatively toward her neighbor. ______________ is a statistical procedure that can be used to identify clusters of behaviors that are related to a trait. His absence of appropriate behavior is known as: c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). d.)moral integrity. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. e. d.)a larger number of synapses. d.)underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. )token economy. )unconscious b. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. )mere exposure effect d.)major depressive disorder. d.)dysfunctional, d.)All these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. c.)role playing. c.)the bystander effect. Self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need. They have found that people worldwide spend an average of four hours a day on enhancing their beauty. Why is Naima's hand washing considered part of a psychological disorder, while Rana's is not? d.)53, c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. b. Frank was seen laughing inappropriately in the library and he appeared to be responding to internal stimuli. You respond by saying: b. the way that genes solely create our personalities. c.)the fundamental attribution error. a. d.)erotic plasticity. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. c.)quadrupled rate of reported juvenile violent crime. The current meta-analysis examined 41 studies drawn primarily from North America and Europe and published between 1978 to 2020. This type of attention problem is thought to contribute to: a. )generalized anxiety disorder c.)increase; do not increase Oct. 2. a. b. a. d.)persistent depressive disorder. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. )more; less )mirror-image perceptions. d.)psychoanalytic, a. IQ scores can change drastically (more than one standard deviation) after children are provided enriched environments. Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. B) epigenetics. A baby girl receives a(n) ________ chromosome from her ________. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. d.)negative symptoms. John has been having difficulties getting out of bed, and is not interested in going out with friends or even answering the phone. c.)clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective. b. a. b. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . Mar. d.)ADHD, b. A basic element of all effective psychotherapies is the: Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. According to a recent survey of 1,200 people, 61%61 \%61% feel that the president is doing an acceptable job. c.)"It works better on females than on males." )neurogenesis, transference, and posttraumatic growth. Racial differences in a highly heritable trait are not necessarily caused by: Our selective exposure to those life experiences that are best suited to our unique temperaments best illustrates the interaction of, Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Why?Because people are greedy.) c.)genuineness. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. brain lesion. 30 Questions Show answers. He has a very difficult time reading the facial expressions of others and reading the state of mind of those who talk to him. b. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder \hline A. larger bodies Briefly identify the agencys financial situation by answering the following questions. c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by biological fathers than by their stepfathers. A _____ is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. d.)disorganized thoughts. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (serial monogamy) as compared to the various forms of non-monogamy (e.g., polygamy or polyamory).The term is also applied to the social behavior of some animals, referring to the state of . Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? Evolutionary psychology works backward to propose an explanation; thus, any behavior can be explained Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity in ensuring the survival of their genetic material. b. c.)roles. You agree. twenties. c.)persistent depressive disorder. d.)moral principle; pleasure principle, Alex is an 8-year-old who plays almost exclusively with the other boys at his grade school. c.)8 Dr. b. The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. a. )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. )decreasing rate of depression. d.)systematic desensitization. Acquired 8% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $400,000 at face value. Critics of evolutionary psychology are particularly likely to emphasize that gender differences in mate preferences can also be byproducts of: )repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). )unconscious fear. In front of an audience, he tends to play his violin even more beautifully than when he is alone. Virtual reality exposure therapy is most likely to prove effective in the treatment of: Page 1 c. None. Lars is an excellent violinist. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. teens. c.)United States c. )Correlational analysis c.)agoraphobia. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human, Two plants are grown under the same environmental conditions, including the same soil conditions and the same amount of light and water, but one grows to 2 feet tall and the other is 1 foot tall. a.)2:3. d.)long-term potentiation. d.)dissociative identity disorder. Naima washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is afraid of the germs that seem to be everywhere. b. a. b. c.)dissociative disorder. He hears voices, has disturbed emotions, and his behavior is very bizarre and erratic. )2 weeks Even though they were removed when he was 5, his lack of visual experiences during early childhood makes it likely that he has experienced. thirties. a. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. B1B2B3B4A0.090.220.150.20AC0.030.100.090.12\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} a. )partial c.)resilience. b. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar a. )lobotomy d.)posttraumatic stress disorder. At her health club, Bonnie pedals an exercise bike much faster when other patrons are using nearby equipment. Research suggests that an especially effective treatment for her difficulty would involve: )latency The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. a. food preferences. DSM-5 provides mental health professionals with: a. a.)rumination. b. c.)objective scoring; subjective scoring temporal lobes c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life d.)doubled rate of divorce. d.)electrical activity. )generalized anxiety disorder. a. b. personal happiness. c.)psychoanalysis c.)empirically derived c.)Jose, who has a catatonia d. d.)are at increased risk for antisocial behavior. b. )10 percent. a. c.)behavioral consistency. c.)pleasure principle; moral principle b. d.)attitudes toward responsibility. Edgar responds to his daughter's fistfight with, "Good girls don't fight!" Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of a. d.)groupthink. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. b. e. Gwen is quite upset and asks why she is always the one who cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children the majority of the time. d.)schizophrenia. Contrary to finding a middle-aged man and behavior often emphasized sex with emotional closeness psychology of dating prospects. a. b. Identifying the specific genes that contribute to alcoholism would be of most direct interest to: The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments. b.)deindividuation. b. Thomas' behavior illustrates: John is most likely suffering from a(n): Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute Jack's motivation to, Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for, Evolutionary psychology would probably have the most difficulty accounting for, c. differences in the sexual behavior patterns of Americans and Russians, Twin studies are of most direct concern to. d.)genetic predispositions have little effect on our social relationships. Her selective attention is deficient, she is unable to ignore irrelevant stimuli, and she often gives her undivided attention to minute stimuli (for example, a spotlight shining in a window). b. Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of: a. )illustrate neural plasticity. Marilyn thinks a strict class-attendance policy is an indication of her professor's overly controlling personality rather than a necessity dictated by the limited number of class sessions (the course meets only once a week). a. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. ", Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your, A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A) skin color. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude? d.)nicotine can temporarily decrease norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. b. )personality traits. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. The only type of treatment that can bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is: c.)the therapeutic alliance. The heritability of a specific trait will be lowest among genetically ________ individuals who have been raised in ________ environments. b. A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a(n): Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ likely to be the same sex and ________ likely to be similar in extraversion. )a situational attribution. a. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. )Darlene effectively cope with posttraumatic stress disorder. observable responses to the environment. d.)autism, b. Include totals for net income, comprehensive income, and retained earnings as a result of these investments. a. The role of Edgar's reactions in the gender-typing of his children would be of most direct concern to: According to gender schema theory, children become gender-typed because they, b. perceive much of reality in terms of masculinity and femininity. d.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. b. )DSM-5 diagnosis. b. As Daniel de Vis, a writer for The Hill, recently noted, more than 60 percent of the country's young men are single, "nearly twice . )biopsychosocial Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical perspective that can explain why humans think in the ways we do, how we respond, and how we change and develop. c. cultural diversity. Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. c.)a fugue state. d.)the ego, _____________ is to the history of psychology as _____________ is to the history of rock music. Your friend yells at you for being five minutes late for lunch. The psycho dynamic approach got it's start from the work of Sigmund Freud. c. c.)not including homosexuality as a mental disorder. a. e. behavior genetics. It is very likely that Odessa is suffering from: This is most likely due to: )bulimia nervosa. )an external locus of control. The theory of evolution was originally presented by Charles Darwin. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. a. Sep. 1. b. d.)not attainable. amygdala c.)seek healthy-looking mates. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. The fundamental attribution error best illustrates that we may often underestimate the importance of: )the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. )the place theory b. d.)Behavioral analysis. d.)generalized anxiety disorder. )evolutionary psychologists. Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. c.)schizophrenia. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . neurons. c.)the superego "Evolutionary psychology and its causal mechanisms," he said, "are more fundamental than other branches of psychology and their causal explanations, which mostly deal with whole human beings." To reject evolutionary psychology is to reject broader reality; an outright rejection of biological and evolved realities is occurring. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. d.)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. )bipolar disorder. Monogamy (/ m n m i / m-NOG--mee) is a form of dyadic relationship in which an individual has only one partner during their lifetime. )She can set up the learning laboratory in a room above a restaurant. b. Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. b. )subjective scoring; objective scoring See Page 1. d.)agoraphobia. c.)meta-analysis. )anorexia nervosa. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are: These seminars would likely be most effective in helping: The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology focuses on the study of how the theory of evolution can explain physiological processes. Retrieve the most recent report for the agency you picked and answer the following questions. \hline A^C & 0.03 & 0.10 & 0.09 & 0.12 \\ )Psychosurgery Research on left-handedness suggests that Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. )systematic desensitization. )A young woman marries a successful middle-aged man. d.)the therapeutic alliance. )is the source of sexual and aggressive instinctual drives. d.)phobias. c.)epigenetic molecule. )the bystander effect. )educational goals. b. a. Cognition involves processes related to thinking, attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, knowing etc. d. Material from the introduction and chapters 1, 4, and 5 has been taken from the following essays by Marcus Nordlund: "Theorising Early Modern Jealousy: A Biocultural Perspective on Shake-speare's Othello," Studia Neophilologica 74, no. c) biological psychologist. a. \end{array} b. d.)ECT. b. a. Her therapist suggests that her depression results from this self-blame, rather than blame of the slumping economy. One strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy is to compare people who enter psychotherapy with a matched control group of people who do not receive psychotherapy. c.)genuineness. )maternal instinct b. b. a.)self-concept. c.)delusional thinking. The prenatal development of the external male sex organs is stimulated by: Prenatal testosterone secretions exert one of their earliest influences on: A genetically female child who receives excess testosterone during prenatal growth is subsequently likely to develop, d. more aggressive behavior patterns than most girls. a. b. synapses. 120 seconds. The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. d.)gender schema theorists. Clearly, Jennifer is already acquiring a knowledge of traditional, Women's leadership responsibilities have most clearly been limited by their, A person's sense of being male or female is his or her gender, The acquisition of a masculine or a feminine gender role is referred to as. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she doesn't want to get involved in anything long term. School Miramar High School; Course Title AP PSYCH 21073500; Type. d) genetic predispositions. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. Third, most versions of Marxist theory gave greater emphasis to human agency or ability consciously to shape the direction of social change than was typical of evolutionary theory. Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ \end{array} MRI. d.)confirmation bias. b. parietal lobes the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. a. Incorrect natural selection. genomes. To determine if the drug is effective, he should: B. evolutionary psychology. c. Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. )Employed women have an hour more time to devote to taking care of the children. influences that affect our mating decisions. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A. skin color. Evolutionary psychology Charles Darwin was the first scientist to point out that our common responses to certain emotionally charged situations, like our hair standing on end when we are frightened, are responses that probably evolved hundreds of millions of years ago in our early animal ancestors. neurogenesis. Sigmund Freud d.)vary widely across cultures. Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children. d.)traits. This best illustrates: a. a. e. Given that B2B_2B2 has occurred, what is the probability that AAA occurs? In this paper, we analyze the findings of biology and evolutionary medicine to better understand the phenomenon of pain . Prepare the appropriate journal entry for each transaction or event during 2021, as well as any adjusting entries necessary at year end. )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. b. b. a. a. d.)hindsight bias. Which country had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders? 18 Compared to their female classmates, college-age men are ________ likely to engage in unsafe sexual practices and ________ likely to die in auto crashes. d.)reticular formation, Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters.