There is less to worry about profit in terms of olive tree farming business. is olive farming sustainable! $20,000.00 gross revenue per acre. Remember that it takes about 150 blossoms just to make a single gram of dried saffron. 613 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[606 16]/Info 605 0 R/Length 56/Prev 551461/Root 607 0 R/Size 622/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Conduct a soil test for microsclerotia prior to establishing a new orchard. America's truffle industry is gradually gaining momentum. Moreover, these gains show stability. He uses agroforestry systems and alley cropping and silvopasture techniques. Slaughter believes trellised high-density olives for oil could a natural replacement for unprofitable vineyards. Till un-stratified sub-soils to 2.5 ft (0.7 m) by chiseling and shallow ripping to break up compacted plow pans, thereby improving drainage and facilitating root development. Olive fly likes wet ground, Greene added. Avoid soils high in salinity (4 dS/m). and twig dieback and reduce the crop in the following year. Olive trees traditionally found in the Mediterranean basin. Obviously there are things to consider before you put the shovel in the ground, what is the population within 30 miles of . The longer olives stay on the tree past normal harvest time the more likely that next seasons harvest will be reduced, particularly when there is a big crop and the grower delays harvest to attain better fruit size or oil content. Olive tree growing in Australia Olive tree growing in NZ Olive tree growing in Georgia Olive tree growing in Florida Olive tree farming in Israel Greene said he now recommends the wire be positioned at five feet to accommodate rapid tree growth and hold the tree more upright. $2,500 per acre establishment; $100 per acre annual operating and harvest; 6 years to first harvest. See more information on weed management. with glyphosate or 2,4-D, followed in 10 days by disking and drying the soil. Irrigate the orchard prior to planting if soils are dry. A mature olive tree produces 15-20 kilos (33 to 44 pounds ) of olives annually; It takes 5 kilos (11 pounds) of olives for every 1 litre of oil; So therefore, a single tree makes about 3 to 4 litres of oil per year. availability in the soil, crop management techniques, and interactions between nutrients. Olive crop in India can be cultivated at the altitude of 1500 m above sea level. You should take out the rooted cuttings after 11 to 12 weeks. Assess infrastructure. Tree Spacing And Distance Calculator If you have between rows, and between trees, Each year, you'll spend a few thousand dollars per acre for fertilizer, pruning, water, mowing, etc. Of the 101,000 tons of olives produced in 2021, 54,390 tons were crushed for oil valued at . unless corrected or managed with soil amendments requiring additional expense. Weed removing should be practiced in regular intervals. A common indicator of olive leaf abscission is leaves that are yellow in color. Black scale, Saissetia oleae (Olivier), feeds on olive leaves and twigs and excretes sugary honeydew that supports sooty mold growth impairing photosynthesis. ), Various cultural practices can exacerbate alternate bearing, such as lack of nutrients or water at critical times, leaving a large crop on trees past normal harvest timing and environmental effects (such as harsh weather or pests that diminish Maximum grain DM is 60% of total DMI, or not more than 2% of body weight. Can You Really Make $36,000 a Year With a Herb Business? Olive tree is the main source of olive oil and it is majorly cultivated in the Mediterranean region for olive oil. seo.expected_yield_desc. Depending on why you need the land cleared, what needs to be removed, and the acreage of the land, you could see prices as low as $500 for a quarter-acre and as high as $7,000 for a full acre lot. Long or sudden cold spells particularly increase It will take 3,500 acres of high density plantings to reach 1 million gallons so we have a long way to go to reach the 10 to 12 million gallons that it will take to start bucking the imports, he said. Tayaka Mah. Right time to harvest olive - When oil is found with pleasant aroma. This super high density olive planting is the largest in the world and has become the cornerstone of what many hope will be a new, commercial California crop to capitalize on the booming U.S. olive oil market. Research is being conducted for densities from 400 to 1,250 trees per hectare in Spain, Italy and Argentina using a range of mechanical harvesting equipment. Oysters and shiitake can also grow on various waste products such as sawdust and straw but farmers usually use logs for cultivating these mushrooms. Self-pollination occurs when pollen from a cultivar results in fertilization and fruit-set of the same cultivar (also referred to as self-compatible). lead to poor fruit size and shrivel. Train HD orchards to no more than 12 feet high after a seasons Growers then get a final settlement based on a sales pool. Now olive is majorly cultivated in this Asian cricket playing country India. Copyright 2023 Profitable Venture Magazine Ltd | All Rights Reserved | See About Us | Contact Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer. University Saffron is a spice that comes from saffron crocus bulbs, a purple-blue flower that thrives in sunny environments. In southern regions of California, flowers bloom at their fullest in May; in Northern California, bloom can occur weeks later due to weather disparities. Cuttings need to be treated with 500 ppm NAA+3,000 ppm IBA for 8 to 10 seconds. However, an acre of commercial almonds need even more - closer to four . Most commercially grown olive trees are produced from own-rooted cuttings. Copper has traditionally been used to control olive knot but has had inconsistent and diminishing effectiveness in recent years. Use a backhoe or augur and A flower growing business has almost unlimited possibilities, from bulbs to cut flowers to dried flowers often called everlastings, for their long life. cm) intervals. Newsletter, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences As a minimum I would need to know the age and condition of the trees. Farm Progress is part of the Informa Markets Division of Informa PLC. UGA recommends 80-100 lb N/ac (1.8-2.3 lb N/1,000 sq ft) for high-density plantings of 600 trees per acre, regardless of soil type (Kissel and Harris 2015). We would like to work in conjunction with another grower to plant 500 acres or we will plant the 500 acres on our own, said Greene. At $1 per kilo, that is an income of $10,000 a year, but that will involve quite a bit of work and time. Nurseries may need a years notice to ensure selected varieties are available for spring planting. Verticillium wilt, Verticillium dahlia Kleb., is a soil-borne fungus infecting a wide range of crops grown in California, including cotton, melon, pepper, pistachio, stone fruit and tomato, and some indigenous weed species. Create row to row distance 15 cm and seed to seed distance 5 cm. Super-high density olive trees can be planted at spacings ranging from 3' within the row to 14' between rows. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'signuptrendingnature_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_6',174,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-signuptrendingnature_com-medrectangle-3-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'signuptrendingnature_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_7',174,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-signuptrendingnature_com-medrectangle-3-0_1');.medrectangle-3-multi-174{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. According to New Leaf records, profit per acre in 2002 was $45,000 and in 2003 it was $27,000. Black olives that are canned are artificially blackened. If the yield is proper, we can make a profit of Rs 1-1.5 lakh, and the income is continuous," he told the Times of India . Olive is a good source of vitamin E and dietary fibre. at the Robert Mondavi Institute, RMI Sensory Building. Peripheral Milling (e.g. Perfect flowers have both stamens (male) and pistils (female). When using stakes without a trellis in an HD orchard located in windy areas, use treated wood stakes that are 2 x 2 inches (5 cm) square and 8 ft (1.5 to 2.5 m) in height. Traditionally, olive trees were planted at a spacing of more than 30ft (7m). Seed rate varies from 2 to 4 kg/acre. The other half is the net profit that my wife and I share. The popularity of the olive tree can be gauged from the fact that school children are asked to write an olive tree essay in english, hindi, african, nigerian or other local languages. His second was a 17-year career at Californias most successful almond marketing cooperative. and canopy-contact harvesters can be efficient for HD table olive harvesting. Consider establishing berms, which are flat, raised strips of soil of about 1.5 ft (50 cm) high and 3.5 ft (1 m) wide located within the tree row on which orchard trees are planted. The grove has 145 trees per acre (15' x 20' or 12' x 25' spacing) and a microsprinkler irrigation system that also can be used for freeze protection. For container-planted Olive Trees, our rule of (green) thumb is the same . the twigs from which at least five or six olives can be removed from one pull. Instead of handpicking go for a mechanical process. Determine the soil chemistry. It is an important detail that it gives product only 3 years after planting. Container landscaping bamboo brings high prices too, with the average plant fetching $45. Ginseng has been used in Chinese medicine for thousands of years and it has found its place in the US as well. For more information on olive diseases, see UC IPM. A heavy crop results in small fruit size (reducing crop income to table olive growers) and reduces shoot growth (and thus fruit production in the following season. In common California table olive varieties, there are usually 12-20 flowers per infloresense. These Best Practices are based on California research conducted by UC Davis, UC Cooperative Extension (UCCE) and UC Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR). When thinking of starting a profitable business in the agricultural niche, most times, we only think of crops we can grow through our gardens. Use a higher seed rate when using your own seeds. Regular irrigation and mulching is required for nursery beds for better germination. The horizontal whipping motion at the tips of these tines against the vertical branches removes the olives. Fill the pits with farmyard manure (FYM). After purchasing the land, we start work quickly. Train SHD orchards to an espalier within the row. How to start an olive farm! Five gallon bucket of hemp oil costs around $150 and potential returns for hemp fiber range from $170 (low yield) to $759 (high yield) per acre. determined on each branch by leaf-to-fruit ratio. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'signuptrendingnature_com-box-4','ezslot_23',180,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-signuptrendingnature_com-box-4-0'); Biggest olive trees producing countries in the world are given below. It can be used to fight off infections, improves heart health, decreases LDL cholesterol levels and it is believed that it can improve athletic performance and help with erectile dysfunction. If you are interested in the agricultural industry and you are on the lookout for crops that can yield you good profit per acre, then you can start considering this line up. In hedgerow orchards, both the in-row and between-row spacing is tighter, ranging from high-density (HD) orchards of about 200 Berms can allow better moisture retention and facilitate Indeed, the winning bidder paid . and adds additional pruning expense. Fruit set occurs when this fertilized Oyster mushrooms, for example, produce around 25 pounds per square foot of growing space in a years time. The epidermal outgrowth on undersides of leaves, called trichomes, protect stomata from UV rays. tree vigor.). Landscapers and homeowners are paying as much as $150 each for potted bamboo plants, and many growers are finding it hard to keep up with the demand. On the other hand, the suggested retail plan - selling trees for $50 - would net $30 profit per tree. See more information here. Dip olive fruit in caustic soda containing 10 % Na OH. $80,000 - $100,000. Fixed charge per ton of fruit delivered against a final sales price for milling, processing, and storage. Neglecting these factors can lead to poor results. In this process, the development of trees is provided. In this whole process, you get the opportunity to invest in olives without having to do farming. Leaves adapt to water loss, making the tree relatively resistant to drought. Prune to optimize orchard productivity, mitigate alternate bearing, facilitate efficient fruit removal, manage crop size, rejuvenate productivity in older trees, reduce pests and disease, and reduce damage from mechanical harvesters. Although olive trees are drought tolerant, they will grow faster and produce more consistently in California with supplemental irrigation. At the California Olive Ranch there is a single wire at four feet. An acre of commercial olive trees needs three acre-feet of water to bear fruit ("acre-foot" referring to the amount of water needed to cover an acre of land with one foot of water), which is not nothing. Rather than trying to fit a mechanical harvester to the olive tree, the investor/owners of the California Olive Ranch super high-density system found a way to fit the tree to the mechanical grape harvester, said Greene. During Olive growing period the tree needs 100 cm of well scattered rainfall. Olive Oil Market. For more information on olive pests, see UC Integrated Pest Management. It is recommended to plant Olive trees 3 to 5 cm deeper in comparison to a nursery. Directions, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. Add organic nitrogen, phosphate and potash in these pits. Deeper soil layer role - Deeper soil layer plays a more important role in comparison to an upper soil layer for better plant growth in olive farms. Burchell Nursery field representative John Slaughter based out of Burchells Fowler, Calif., store is one of those believers. UC has provided these specifications to commercial harvest equipment manufacturers. To put it simply, there are four steps to establishing a permaculture orchard - 1. trees, 2. shrubs, 3. companion plants (perennials, herbs, vines) 4. allies. At the same time, prices can be raised pretty high because interest in buying American-grown, organic goji berries is growing. Oil olives require about 24 acre-inches of water per year. Mixture of soil and fertilizers can improve fertility. Saffron is made out of the stigmas (the part of the flower that gets germinated by pollen) from the crocus plant. Take a representative soil sample from the orchard site and submit it to a laboratory for analysis. If your tree's soil is dry here, it's time to water. It is a good practice to split N fertilizer applications, with 50% applied in early spring and the remaining 50% applied prior to flowering. Revenue This data clearly shows that it is very hard to determine the exact profit per acre since. Its use in many areas, especially in the food and cosmetics industry, causes high demand in every period. Profit is maximized when fertilizer remains in the wetted zone where root density is greatest. You can see here Olive Oil Prices You can enrich this article by leaving a comment of your olive farm's profitability or success. Five gallon bucket of hemp oil costs around $150 and potential returns for hemp fiber range from $170 (low yield) to $759 (high yield) per acre. Four Organizations Sharing the Same Five Letters. Customized party favors for special events, weddings and corporate gifts. How much income can be obtained from an acre of the olive orchard? regards, Maxine said on January 4, 2014. Nutrient deficiencies observed in California olive orchards have been limited to nitrogen, and, rarely, potassium and boron. Around 250 to 300 olive trees per hectare can be planted with a spacing of 6 m to 7m. 290k profit. Both removal methods remove the fruit annually. Excessive soil moisture can result in poor shoot growth, yellow foliage and tree loss due to asphyxiation or root disease (phytophthora). Olive growing in America is quite often whereas olive farming in Australia and olive growing in UK is also consistent. Plant pollinizer trees or rows no more than every 200 feet (61 m) to ensure that wind-blown pollen is most effectively distributed. Earnings from olive orchards may differ due to the issues. The trees at the Oroville ranch are drip irrigated and require about the same amount of water as almonds. Greene budgets each year to treat for it, but he does not expect to find it. Peripheral Milling Equipment (e.g. . Greene said trees reach maturity in about five years and can be expected to yield "conservatively" 5.5 tons of fruit annually. If flowers remain dormant for longer than a year, this usually results in unviable inflorescence; instead, these older Assess water availability. Phosphorus nutrient availability and uptake. Farm Progress Show annually hosts more than 600 exhibitors displaying new farm equipment, tractors, combines and farm implements; seed and crop protection products; and many additional farm supplies and services. Rootstock propagation - Wild olive seedlings can be used for propagating commercial varieties as rootstocks. Theyre also fairly hardy and able to thrive in dry environments. Pruning can be more severe in heavy crop years but does not result in larger fruit desired by table-olive growers since fruit size is largely The high-density planting can accommodate 200 to 350 trees per acre i.e. When choosing varieties for olive oil processing, also consider: When choosing varieties for table olive processing, in general, also consider: No single olive variety has every desirable characteristic. They were prepared by the UC Davis Olive Center and G. Steven Sibbett, UCCE Farm Advisor Emeritus, Dr. Louise Ferguson, ANR Extension Specialist and Dr. Elizabeth Fichtner, UCCE Farm Advisor. insects and rodents. Traditional High-Density Orchards When the leader is 12-18 in (30-46 cm) above the top Plant after the . Control Peacock Spot by a spraying a copper-containing fungicide, once in late fall before winter rains begin. Harvest began this year on Oct. 1, and the olives are harvested based on color chart. But to grow that many crocus flowers takes just a quarter acre of land, so you get some idea of how lucrative this crop could be to grow. Olive fly, a major pest of table olives, has not been found at California Olive Ranch. Where conditions are good, orchards are now often planted at a high-density of about 200 to 350 trees per acre (494 to 865 per hectare). Successful pollination occurs when pollen grains land on stigmas and germinate. When planting these berries, choose the most viable varieties that would not disappoint you. on the outer canopy more efficiently than interior fruit. Medicinal herbs have been widely used for thousands of years, and their popularity continues to grow as people seek natural remedies for their health concerns. trees/ac (482 trees/ha) to super-high-density (SHD) orchards of about 650 trees/ac (1567/ha). Lavender farming can produce above-average profits for small growers, as it is such a versatile crop. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. When he hauled tomatoes, California was producing about half the tonnage it does today as a world leader in processing tomato products. Earnings from 1 acre of this type of garden average around $1,700. In recent years, most orchards have planted the blight-resistant Chinese Chestnut. Olive tree farming in Israel, Nigeria, Kenya, UK, Florida, Australia, Ireland and Pakistan is already popular and now olive farming is gaining popularity in India since the last five years. If you have the space to start a flower garden or plant any flowering trees or shrubs, you could very easily sell potted or cut flowers to local businesses or directly to consumers at a profit. * IRTA considers the Arbequina SHD clone to be sensitive to peacock spot while the World Catalogue of Olive Varieties lists Arbequina as resistant to the disease. Farmer's markets (2): 30%. The SHD system works best with clones of specific varieties such as Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki, while the HD system can accept many olive varieties. peppers, potato, or tomato) susceptible to the Verticillium wilt fungus, a soil-borne disease that kills olive trees. Prune to establish a maximum of five well-spaced, upright scaffold branches (more that five scaffold branches increases the harvest time for each tree). Thanks to the olive garden being established professionally, you can earn high and stable incomes for many years. Plant 3 to 5 seeds per hole at a depth of 1 to 2 inches. Therefore, it can be stated that the amount of earnings increases exponentially. Evaluate water quality. In good soil, an acre of Elephant garlic can yield 15,000 pounds. Therefore this condition is not considered for the olive oil cultivation process. Cultivars that are sensitive to freezing (such as Manzanillo) are more susceptible to olive knot. Therefore, it can be stated that the amount of earnings increases exponentially. Olive, one of the longest-lived trees, can turn into an important investment tool when properly managed. Ideally, winter temperatures should fluctuate between 35 F (2 C) and 65 F (18 C). olive oil industry. The initial planting on this representative farm was 300 pomegranate trees, 100 trees per acre. 20lbs - 80lbs; depends on tree size, variety, pruning, year, weather, tree density, etc Average Sales/Purchase Price per Ton of Olives, Average Cost of Milling at a Public Facility, Retail Price of Oil - 500ml of Premium Oil, Planting Costs Per Acre at 6 x 17 Spacing, $4,800 - $5,800 (including ground preparation, trellis, irrigation, trees, bamboo, planting, and tying), Maintenance Cost per Acre (First Three Years), $2,800 - $3,300 (including pruning, tying, maintenance, fertilizing, weed-control, and cultural costs), $250 - $400 depending on what services, materials, and equipment, Olive Flowering, Pollination, and Fruit Set Factors, Opening an Olive Oil Tasting Bar or Store, How Olive Oil Fits in a Healthy Lifestyle. DM4t(mloZ(5jh/J@[wJ> +"} oM)_g2j4'8j' % d@> ^0[ 8/. Olive botanical name is Olea europaea meaning European olive. Prune generally to a V-shape with visibly filtered light. Plant distance should be 8 m in Olive farming. explains why an olive fruit only has one seed. Olive is an agricultural product used in many fields. Fertigation has the advantages of maintaining moisture in the wetted area, encouraging the development 1. Keep these rooting in the hardening chamber for a short period. Even though 100,000 acres of grapes have been removed from the valley over the past five years, wineries still offered only $60 to $100 per ton for Thompson seedless and low-end wine grapes. He said a 45-gallon per ton of olive oil is a good average a grower can expect to yield from the varieties grown on the Oroville farm. Olives do not grow well in poorly drained 0 Cannabis is of two forms, hemp and marijuana. The 50 acres of olive trees on Dunham Jewett's farm in Moulton, about 100 miles east of San Antonio, look like a war zone. Planted at a spacing of around 5m x 8m, a hectare (2.2 acres) would support 250 trees, which should give you 10,000kg (ten tonnes!) Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Weed management is essential for increasing orchard productivity (by eliminating competition for water and nutrients and increased frost protection, for example), facilitating harvest, removing fire hazards, and eliminating habitat for damaging It will cost between $7500 to $8500 per acre per year to operate. 2020 Florida Olive Council, LAA . A better way to get a sense of the requirement is to use dollars. Super high density olive trees for oil next success story? It has thinner flesh. Pollen is disseminated by wind between flowers or by simply gravity, i.e. Spring. have been demonstrated to be optimal for harvesting and yield for California table olives. This amazing plant, a member of the grass family, has long been a landscaping favorite, as landscapers can pick a species of bamboo ranging from dwarf Sasa bamboo that is barely a foot tall, to giant timber bamboo that can reach 75 feet in height. Soil below pH 5.5 can have aluminum and manganese toxicity, while soil above pH 8.5 have poor structure and may have sodium toxicity. The larva of olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin), feed on olive fruit, leading to losses for table olive growers and potentially imparting a defective flavor to olive oil. Washed stones need to be sown immediately on raised nursery beds. Winter. and topping (or a single, gabled cut) with additional hand pruning to remove lateral branches extending from the scaffolds at less than a 45 angle. Youll need a fair amount of space to grow this plant as each flower only produces a small amount of the spice. A garden of trees that are at least 9 years old meets expectations in terms of earnings very comfortably. At four tons per acrea level that Long believes many old blocks are belowa standard-density block must bring 85 cents per pound to clear about $300 per acre or 95 cents per pound to make a little more than $1,000 per acre. Trichomes alternatively restrict water loss. However, we can say that a farm of 1 hectare (10.000 square meters) with 300 trees is a good start. If you stay in a dry region with mild winters, this is probably the best crop to grow. It takes approximately 75,000 flowers to produce one pound of dried saffron. If you want to start Olive tree cultivation in Spain, India, Netherlands or in any region you need to follow the basic steps that are given below. During this period, the amount earned from 1 acre is at the level of $120. Traditional olives are planted 120 trees per acre and hand harvested. Ginseng supplements are made from the ginseng root and root hairs. in the table below as single-varietal olive oils, even traditional table olive varieties such as Ascolano, Mission, Sevillano and Manzanillo. Within four to six weeks of full bloom final fruit set occurs. With the current wholesale price of $7 a pound, thats $17,000 worth of mushrooms from a 10x10 space! canopy density vary by cultivar. Greene said research by UC farm advisor Joe Connell has found that the olive fly cannot easily penetrate the small, hard fruit of the varieties grown on the ranch. The area planted to olive trees has remained between 30,000 and 40,000 acres since 1980. A standard SHD trellis uses 8 ft (2.4 m) treated round end posts, with 8 ft (2.4 m) metal T-posts placed at 55 ft (16.8 m) intervals and 12-gauge galvanized wire installed at 4.5 ft (1.4 m) and 6 ft (1.8 m), secured Restaurants/grocery stores: 10%. But saffron commands a fairly high price tag, making this a particularly profitable crop. information available through ANR, including the Olive Production Manual, Organic Olive Production Manual and Olive flowers are initiated in November, and rapidly differentiate flower parts over two months time. We will sign a fixed term nine-year contract with a three-year rolling evergreen clause, guaranteeing a minimum cost of production return. Abscission helps plants conserve energy. The proper weed management strategy depends on many factors including weed species, soil type, irrigation method, amount of control desired and organic certification. Olive is the only species of the Oleaceae family (which includes ash, privet and lilac among others) producing edible fruit. In general, SHD orchards are more expensive to establish than HD orchards, but SHD orchards will achieve maximum income sooner than HD orchards. However, acreage of primarily Mission and Manzanillo variety table olives has changed little for decades. Fertigation Californias ripe table olive processors primarily favor Manzanillo with Sevillano (Gordal) as a pollinizer, while Sicilian-style and Spanish-style Decrease canopy density with hand-thinning cuts, as a heavier canopy will dampen shaking and decrease removal efficiency. Low yields usually can be related back to a lack of shoot growth the previous year from poor tree vigor. Rajasthani state of farmers and Olive farming in Rajasthan started way back. $6.00 and up depending on size and variety. According to some studies, average yield of garlic per acre is between 10,000 and 12,000 pounds and yearly profit per acre is around $80,000 what makes this crop one of the best cash crops with the highest profit per acre. Oregon's growers turn to the Oregon Olive Mill, the only commercial olive mill in the Pacific Northwest.